Prevention and treatment, Surgical management of Haemorrhoids

Surgical management

Surgical treatment should be performed whenever the improved habits and medical treatment are not sufficient or where there is already starting and the complications of hemorrhoids, generally for third and fourth grade or even second grade who did not respond to non-surgical alternatives management. Haemorrhoidectomy surgery is used to remove the veins that are swollen or dilated around the anus.

For the intervention of hemorrhoids may refer the patient to general anesthesia or a local (local anesthesia or spinal anesthesia) with sedation. Dilated veins (hemorrhoids) are removed and the area is left in a package of sterile gauze to reduce bleeding.

There are several types of surgical procedures for treatment of hemorrhoids can be divided into two:

1) is an open technique, when performing resection or removal of hemorrhoids and the wound is left open to allow to heal by secondary intention;
2) the other is the closed technique, where hemorrhoidal tissue is removed and the mucosa of the anal canal and hit the edges of the wound is closed leaving again to face.

Other techniques are the use of staplers, they are inserted through the anus and the stapling and cutting redundant tissue, performing a hemorroidopexia.

The newest treatment is the laser hemorrhoidectomy, which permits operation with either zonal or local anesthesia and the patient can resume normal life in one or two days. Although this technique has not demonstrated a clear advantage over traditional techniques if it increases the cost of the surgery since it requires specialized equipment and intrumentales.

During convalescence the patient may experience a sharp pain after surgery or when he relaxes his anus, so it should be administered analgesics. To avoid the use of paper over the anus, should be used in washing after defecation bidet. In addition, the bathrooms will reduce mild painful contractions of the anus, and can soothe the itching and burning in the area. You can expect a full recovery in two weeks. Intrathecal analgesia has demonstrated a significant reduction of pain in the patient after the operation in the first 24 hours.

Prevention and treatment

Should exercise at least three times a week for half an hour (walking, jogging or bicycle) in order to improve the flow of your body. The foods recommended are the little irritants and condiments such as chilli, spices and seasonings, garlic [citation needed], parsley, onion and mustard, tomato sauce, tomatoes, vinegar, coffee, black chocolate, tea or black tea, cinnamon, alcohol, all fruit is not ripe or acidic (like lemon, tangerine, orange, pineapple, grapefruit), which have long bone (such as tuna or prickly pear, strawberry or guava) and astringent (apple, pear, pomegranate, cashew, quince).

Recommended foods are those that have fiber, such as tortillas or bread made with whole flour, vegetable or fruit can be eaten with the husk or bagasse (like grapes) or soft (like papaya and banana), so to soften the stool and make it easier to expel, and take plenty of water (always boiled or purified).

Another type of non-surgical treatment for hemorrhoids is the use of photocoagulation, cryosurgery, radiofrequency or rubber band ligation. These options are generally considered for haemorrhoids grade II and some grade III.